Community medicine

✅K Park’s textbook of Preventive & Social medicine  

                                                       

       

Standard book for community medicine. Best book for in-depth knowledge and understanding of preventive aspects in medicine and also analytics. The book provides flow charts and tables to explain concepts and all the concepts are thoroughly revised and updated according to the latest statistics of India. Please refer to the latest edition for current data and statistics. Diagnostic algorithms for treating and managing disease are provided to make understanding and recollecting for exams easy.

✅Exam Preparatory Manual for Undergraduates Community Medicine by Vivek Jain

A comprehensive and concise book for preventive and social medicine by Dr. Vivek Jain. All the updates and recent programs and data are included in the new edition. New concepts in public health are added with numerous images and diagrams. All the practical aspects of community medicine are explained well with spotters to make students understand better.

ladies and gentlemen I'm so glad to

release my first ever video on community

medicine let's start the series from

epidemiology this video is about an

introduction to epidemiology trust me

this is gonna be in live and are

bickering all the tough concepts in

Pearson so why don't we start off things

right now welcome to mad boots made

simple please do me and yourself a favor

by pressing the subscribe button on the

bell icon next to it so you can keep

watching all my medical videos for free

by the end of this video you should be

able to answer about the definition of

epidemiology its competence aims of a

premie ology users of epidemiology

measurements in epidemiology and tools

used in the measurement in epidemiology

all these are potential questions in

your theory exam as well as in vivo as

well as in entrance exams so let's let

us break down the definition of

epidemiology to make it easy for

everyone so epidemiology is the study of

distribution and determinants of what of

Hell theater States or even like deaths

but etc our distribution of diseases in

a population etc ok so in whom in

specified populations for example you

considered a target population and we

carry out study in them

ok so what are we doing here we are

carrying out study of distribution and

determinants of health related states or

events like distribution of diseases a

specific disease in a specific

population target population and with

the help of this study what we do is

that we try to control the health

problems which we found out from the

study results ok

so in that particular population by

various strategies like formulating

health programs so putting all these

things together definition of

Epidemiology is so freakin simple it is

the study of distribution and

determinants of health related States or

events in specified populations in the

application of this study with a control

of health problems it's important to

know the person who formulated this

definition for epidemiology is mr. John

M last ok so it's important remember his

name the three main components of

Epidemiology are the first component

play vrz deals with study of disease

frequency so frequency is usually

expressed in rates and pressures that's

what most of the epidemiology is are

about so the rates and ratios are used

to identify disease frequency in a

population and this data which we

calculate okay the frequency of the

disease in that population this data can

be compared with the other states the

neighboring states or other states or

countries and based on this data the

health programs can be made and the

disease's can be controlled and the

health of the population target

population can be improved so that's the

important of study importance of

studying disease frequency so you must

remember that this is frequencies

usually expressed in rates and ratios

that's the most important point here

other things you can just recollect by

watching this video again so the second

most important component of Epidemiology

is the study of distribution of disease

so it's important to know that the

diseases are usually distributed in

specific patterns in a population

specific groups of people's people in a

population are usually involved with

some diseases maybe because they have

specific risk factors and all that okay

so simple remember that the disease's

are usually distributed in specific

patterns in a population and this

pattern of distribution might give us a

clue on what the possible cause or risk

factor can be okay so with the help of

this clue what do we do is that will

generate hypotheses and will generate

hypotheses as what the possible cause of

this condition in these people will be

this type of epidemiological

epidemiology where we generate

hypotheses or formulate hypotheses is

called as descriptive epidemiology so so

far we have seen two important

components of Epidemiology that is this

is frequency it deals with distribution

of disease and the most important

component of epidemiologist is about

determinants of disease this is one of

the one of the most important components

of Epidemiology so

this company the determinants of

business deals with identifying the

causes are risk factors of the disease

now what we are doing here is that when

we studied about the distribution of

disease we made hypotheses about the

possible risk factors or causes for the

condition in that population now what do

we do in identifying the determinants of

disease is that we identify the exact

cause or risk factor here we are not

dealing with hypothesis anymore here we

are confirming the hypothesis by

carrying out more specific studies and

here we are identifying the exact cause

of cause for the disease in that

population and we sort it out okay so

that is about the determinants of

disease so this type of a premium Algie

where we confirm the hypothesis and

identify the exact exact cause or risk

factor is called as analytical

epidemiology now let's talk about the

aims of Epidemiology there are 3 main

aims of the premi ology the first thing

is to describe the distribution and

magnitude of health and disease problems

in human populations so by carrying out

studies in the struck population what we

do is that we will identify the

distribution and the magnitude of health

and disease problems in human population

by doing that we'll be able to get an

idea of the important diseases in that

particular community and the the people

the people the groups of people who are

affected by that disease so it will give

us an idea about the health of that

particular population the second most

important aim of Epidemiology is to

identify etiological factors in the

pathogenesis of disease by identifying

the etiologic factors will be it will be

able to prevent or reduce the etiologic

factors in that community by doing so

we'll be able to control the disease

caused by those situational factors in

that community the third most important

game of Epidemiology is to provide the

data ok so we did studies right

we did studies in that population and we

have got some data so we provide this

data which is essential to the planning

implementation and evaluation of

services basically Health Services for

the prevention control and treatment of

disease and to the setting up of

priorities among those services so the

uses of epidemiology there are seven

uses of Epidemiology which has been

described by Morris and we'll see the

uses of apamea G the first use is to

study historically the rise and fall of

disease in the population

it also helps in community diagnosis

when we carry out studies in community

about the distribution of diseases and

the people who are affected we'll be

able to identify multiple cases in the

community and we'll be able to identify

the etiology a factor or easily and

planning and evaluation is also possible

with the help of Z we'll be able to

create specific health plans for a

particular community based on the

problems which are present in that

community and evaluation of individuals

risks and chances is develop of

Epidemiology so for example will help of

epidemiology people were able to

identify that smoking is a particular

risk factor a specific risk factor for

lung cancer syndrome identification

applicants studies actually be found to

be helpful in redefining the syndrome

and it also helps in computing

completing the natural history of

disease so with help of studies in

community what we can do is that we'll

be able to get a better idea about the

agent cost and environmental factors

which are responsible for causing the

disease the last use of Epidemiology

which is mentioned by Morris is

searching for causes and risk factors

the help of epidemiological studies will

be able to identify causes

and risk factors of various diseases the

various measurements which are done in

epidemiology are the mortality mobility

disability natality medical needs

healthcare facilities utilization of

health services measurement of

demographic variables so these are some

of the things which are we measured with

the help of pre-miracle studies so the

tools the basic tools which are used in

the measurement in epidemiology are

rates ratios and proportions so the

about rates the rates actually measures

the occurrence of some people in a

population in a given time period numr

the numerator in rates is actually a

component of a Dominator so this is one

in differentiating point from ratios so

example for rates are death rate so for

example in death rate what we do is that

we calculate number of that's occurring

in a population in a given period of

time so that is what is actually raised

so it measures the occurrence of some

event in a population for example death

or birth in a given time period okay so

that is about rates so these are

something which are the important things

about rates while ratios ratios actually

expresses a relation in size between two

random quantities numerator is not a

component of denominator in case of

ratios whereas in rates these are the

numerator is a competent of denominator

so what this tells us is that the

numerator and denominator are entirely

different things so for example sex

ratio we compare males to female ratio

and these two are entirely different

quantities so we are comparing we have

we are making a ratio out of two

different qualities so the numerator and

denominator are obviously different it's

actually easy to remember so the third

important tools in criminology is

proportion proportion is actually a

ratio but the difference here is that

this is a ratio but the numerator is a

part of denominator for example 40 out

of hundred people in a class or absent

we'd be saying 40% of the people or

absent so that's the proportion of the

proportion of people who are absent in

that class so there's a magnitude of a

part of the whole so hundred people in

that class is the whole population and

the proportion of the people who are

absent that is the forty people is a

part of the whole it is explicit in

percentage like I mentioned so this

video is basically a level 

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